01IMERI LAB
International Trade
Incoterms® 2020: How to Choose the Right Rule
A practical method for matching delivery responsibilities, risk transfer and transport control to the transaction.
Read the guide →International trade knowledge library
Practical guides for international trade and logistics.
Clear, field-tested guidance on Incoterms® 2020, export documentation, commercial invoices, packing lists, HS code classification and documentary payments.
02IMERI LAB
Logistics & Documentation
International Shipping Documents Checklist
The essential checks that keep commercial, transport and customs documents aligned before dispatch.
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Export Documentation
How to Prepare a Commercial Invoice for Export
A field-by-field control method for creating an invoice that supports transport, customs and payment.
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Trade Finance
Letter of Credit: 10 Common Documentary Discrepancies
A practical review of inconsistencies that can delay or prevent payment under a documentary credit.
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Shipping Documentation
How to Prepare an Accurate Export Packing List
How to control packages, weights, dimensions and item allocation before documents reach the carrier or broker.
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Customs Compliance
HS Code Classification: A Defensible Step-by-Step Process
A documented workflow from product facts to candidate headings, reasoned selection and periodic review.
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International Trade
FCA vs FOB: Which Incoterms® Rule Should You Use?
A practical comparison of FCA and FOB covering container shipments, delivery points, risk transfer and transport documents.
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Export Documentation
Commercial Invoice vs Pro Forma Invoice: Key Differences
Understand when each invoice is used, what information it should contain and why a pro forma should not replace the final commercial invoice.
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Customs Compliance
HS Code vs HTS Code: What Is the Difference?
A clear explanation of the global six-digit HS structure, national tariff extensions and the United States HTS classification system.
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International Trade
EXW vs DDP: Risks, Costs and Responsibilities
Compare the two opposite ends of the Incoterms® 2020 spectrum and understand why both rules require careful operational and tax checks.
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Export Documentation
Packing List vs Commercial Invoice: What Is the Difference?
Learn how the two core export documents differ, which fields must reconcile and why neither document replaces the other.
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Logistics & Costing
How to Calculate Landed Cost for an International Shipment
A practical formula for combining product value, freight, insurance, duties, taxes and destination charges into a decision-ready cost estimate.
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International Trade
DAP vs DDP: Duties, Import Clearance and Seller Risk
Understand who handles import clearance, duties and taxes under DAP and DDP—and why the apparently easier option may create serious compliance problems.
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International Trade
CIF vs CIP: Transport Mode, Risk Transfer and Insurance
Compare two insured Incoterms® 2020 rules and learn why transport mode, delivery point and insurance level matter more than the similar-looking names.
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Customs Compliance
How to Calculate Customs Value for Imported Goods
A practical introduction to transaction value, required additions, exclusions and the evidence needed to support an import declaration.
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